In road design, what functions do shoulders serve?

Shoulders in road design serve multiple important functions, primarily enhancing safety and usability. One of their primary roles is to provide an area for emergency parking. This is crucial for vehicles that may need to stop for breakdowns, emergencies, or any unforeseen circumstances. The shoulder provides a safe space away from the main traffic lanes, minimizing the risk of accidents and allowing drivers to manage issues safely.

While shoulders can also contribute to the stability of the road and play roles in drainage and soil erosion prevention, these are secondary functions compared to their primary use as a safe area for drivers in emergencies. Ultimately, the design and allocation of shoulders are key elements in promoting safer driving conditions and responding to potential hazards on the road.