What does the term 'existing grade' refer to in surveying practices?

The term 'existing grade' in surveying refers specifically to the unaltered ground elevation before any construction or landscaping begins. It represents the natural state of the land as it is encountered during surveying activities. This serves as a fundamental baseline in any project, as understanding the existing grade is crucial for planning alterations, such as grading, excavation, and the preparation of sites for construction.

This concept is essential for ensuring that any planned changes, such as building structures or altering landscapes, are accurately designed and executed. Without knowing the existing grade, it would be challenging to determine how much earth needs to be moved, what drainage considerations are necessary, and how the final design will relate to the surrounding terrain. Understanding the existing grade allows surveyors and engineers to develop effective strategies for earthworks and ensure compliance with design specifications and regulations.