What is a retaining wall in earthworks?

A retaining wall is specifically designed to support soil laterally, preventing it from collapsing or eroding away at different levels. These structures are essential in situations where there are changes in elevation, such as hillside construction or along roadways, where they help to manage the forces exerted by the soil and ensure stability.

Retaining walls are constructed using a variety of materials and techniques, and their design can vary based on factors such as the type of soil, the height of the wall required, and environmental conditions. By effectively holding back the soil, retaining walls play a critical role in preventing landslides and maintaining landscaped areas.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of a retaining wall. While structures that hold water in place, such as dams or levees, might have some similar characteristics, they are not the same as retaining walls, which focus on lateral support rather than impounding water. Fences for land demarcation do not provide the structural support needed for soil stability. Similarly, drainage channels are designed for water flow management, not for supporting soil.